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Happy Thanksgiving! 11/20/07

Wishing all my students and their families a wonderful Thanksgiving Break. If you are travelling this year I wish you a safe trip to and from wherever you are spending this long break.



I am sure you all need the break - first trimester has been busy and you have all done a fantastic job!



As we take a break this Thanksgiving, I hope you all take the time to think about all you have to be thankful for! I am thankful for all of my students, fellow teachers and family this holiday season.



I hope when you return on Monday you will all be refreshed and ready to start the new trimester!

Verb Notes - Lessons 9 & 10

Direct Objects

Direct Objects:
- always a noun or pronoun
- answers whom or what

One man could not exit his driveway because of the damage.

subject - man
verb - could exit
direct object - driveway (what the man could not exit?)

Indirect Object

Indirect Object:
- to find ask:
to whom, for whom, to what, for what

The IO comes between the verb and the DO

Jay's homer gave the team the lead.

subject - homer
verb - gave
IO - team (for whom did the homer help?)
DO - lead (what did the homer do?)

There can be more than one IO!!!!!!!

He told Sam and Jim a joke.

subject - he
verb - told
IO - Sam, Jim (to whom he told the joke to)
DO - joke (what he told)

Predicate Noun

Remember Linking Verbs? The link the subject to a word in the predicate. Sometimes the word is a noun.

Lance is a student.

Lance = student

"is" is the linking verb

Predicate Adjective

Linking verbs can also link a subject to an adjective.

Greg is funny.

Greg = funny

"is" links Greg to the adjective "funny."

Hayes 11/14

LA
Eng. WB pages 48 & 52 (periods 1,7)
Eng. WB pg's 48,52,54 (period 4)

Reading 3,8
Weekend was Murder test on Monday

Reading 6
finish questions

Verb Notes - Lessons 7 & 8

Progressive Forms

use the form of the verb "be" when forming progressive forms

present progressive - is -ing
past progressive - was -ing
future progressive - will be -ing
present perfect progressive - has been -ing
past perfect progressive - had been -ing
future perfect progressive - will have been -ing

Transitive & Intransitive Verbs

1. Transitive verbs have a direct action toward someone or something
2. A transitive verb always has at least one object

The mechanic had repaired the truck.

subject - mechanic
verb - had repaired
object - truck

You can ask who or what was repaired - the truck!

The owner paid the mechanic.

subject - owner
verb - paid
object - mechanic
You can ask who the owner paid - mechanic!

1. Intransitive verbs never have an an object
2. There is no "receiver" of the action

The truck was running well.

subject - truck
verb - was running
no object

The driver turned left quickly
subject - driver
verb - turned
no object

Verb Lessons 1-6 Study Guide

On Tuesday in class you will review lessons 1-6 with Mrs. Cuzzone while I am at the high school for a meeting. You and a partner will work on pages 168 & 169 in your English Text to review for the quiz on Wednesday.

If you need to review more on your own. Sign up on the board to check out a book for the night.

Verb Lessons 5 & 6

Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs do not follow the same form as regular verbs

For instance:

a regular verb such as:

shop

4 principal parts

verb - shop

present participle - is shopping (is - ing)

past - shopped (-ed)

past participle - has shopped (has -ed)

Irregular Verb - be

4 principal parts

verb - be

present participle - is being (still continue using is and -ing after the verb)

past - was, were (the past tense for irregular verbs will NEVER use -ed)

past participle - has been (continue to use has before the past tense of the verb)

Fahrenheit 451 Study Guide

Review:

RA #3 vocab. (passed-back yesterday)

The conversation at Guy's house with Mrs. Phelps, Mrs. Bowles, Mildred & Guy
Conversations with Faber

Literary Elements:
personification, simile, alliteration, onomatopoeia, dramatic irony, metaphor, flashback, man vs. man, direct characterization, allusion, internal conflict, foreshadow, situational irony

Themes throughout the novel:
conformity, change and transformation, censorship, alienation & loneliness, dehumanizing effects of mass culture (i.e., TV)

Verb Notes - Lessons 3 & 4

Lesson 3 - Tenses

You are already familiar with the past (rehearsed) , present (rehearse) and future tenses (will rehearse). These three tenses are known as simple tenses.

Principal Parts

Principal Parts include:
base form of the verb - chop
present participle of the verb - is chopping
past tense of the verb - chopped
past participle of the verb - has chopped

Perfect Tenses

Present Perfect - has, have rehearsed

Past Perfect - had rehearsed

Future Perfect - will have rehearsed

Lesson 4 - Forms of be, have, and do

You can use be, have and do as main verbs and as helping verbs

Be, have and do have different forms for different subject and for different tenses.

Ssingular Subjects

Be Have Do

I am, was have, had do, did

you are, were have, had do, did

he, she, it is, was has, had does, did

(or singular nouns)

Plural Subjects

we are, were have, had do, did

you are, were have, had do, did

they are, were have, had do, did

(or plural noun)

Verbs - Lessons 1&2

Action, Being and Linking Verbs

Action Verbs can be:

physical - run

mental - dream

Being Verb

-shows a state of being - is

Linking Verb

-Links subject to predicate

Mrs. Hayes is a teacher. Mrs. Hayes = teacher

Linking vs. Action:

Linking:

The tomato grew moldy.
The tomato was moldy

Action:

Jim grew tomatoes.
Jim is not tomatoes.

Verb Phrases

Verb Phrase
1. main verb - main action or being
helping verb - completed the meaning of the verb

Heidi is running well today
hv - is
mv- running
verb phrase - is running

2. be, have, do can be main and helping verbs

3. Words interrupt a verb phrase

Do you see any signs? Change questions to statements to make it easier to identify verb phrases: You do see signs.

verb phrase - do see

I can't find the map. I can not find the map.

verb phrase - can find

Project Challeng 1984

Project Challenge has been busy reading an independent novel 1984. These students are given weekly assignments and discuss the reading during morning project challenge meeting times. One of Project Challenge's students is seen here taking a "break" to get into character for a fun filled night of trick-or-treating! Do you have your reading done?

October 31 - Noun Notes

Unit 2
Kinds of Nouns
Common & Proper Nouns

Definition of a noun - a person, place, thing or idea

example of:

person Mrs. Hayes

place Lakeview

thing dog

idea love

proper noun - names a particular person, place, thing or idea. Capitalize

example of a proper noun - Mrs. Hayes, Lakeview Jr. High

common noun - names a general class of person, place, thing or idea

example of a common noun - dog, tree, school

Concrete & Abstract Nouns

concrete nouns - refers to material things, to people or to places

example of concrete nouns - pony, students, textbooks

abstract nouns - names, ideas, feelings or qualities

example of abstract nouns - love, relief, patriotism, language

Compound & Collective Nouns

Compound Noun - noun with two or more words

Examples of compound nouns:

One-word - textbook, airplane

Separate words - Edgar Allan Poe, The Weekend was Murder

Hyphenated words - runner-up, sister-in-law

Collective Noun - names a group or collection of people, animals or things considered as a unit

Example of collective noun - committee, class, family

Noun Notes - Lessons 3 & 4

Unit 2
Singular & Plural Nouns

Singular noun - a noun that names one person, place, thing or idea

Example of singular nouns – book, radio, school, box, buzz, hero, fly

Plural noun - more than one person, place, thing or idea

to form a plural noun we already know to add -s to the singular noun.

Remember many plural nouns require spelling changes so think before writing down an answer.

Regular Forms

Rules for Forming Plurals

Add -s to form the plurals of these nouns: globes Michaels
most singular nouns

most nouns ending in o preceded by a vowel radios stereos

many nouns ending o pianos altos

nouns ending in y preceded by a vowel donkeys valleys

proper nouns ending in y Bradys Malloys

some nouns ending in f or fe roofs safes

Add -es to form the plural of these nouns boxes buzzes
nouns ending in s, x, sh, ch, z

some nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant echoes heroes

nouns ending in y preceded by a consonant (change y to i first) flies

some nouns ending in f or fe (change f to v first) calves

Irregular Forms
Unusual Noun Forms

1. Some plurals are formed by irregular spelling changes.

2. Some nouns have the same singular and plural forms.

3. Some nouns are used only in the plural form.

4. Some nouns end in s but have a singular meaning.

5. Some nouns from other languages are made plural as in the original language.

6. Compound nouns usually are made plural by adding -s to the most important word in the compound.

7. Compound nouns that are written as one word or do not have a noun part are made plural by adding -s at the end.

8. Letters, numbers in mathematics, symbols, and words used as words are made plural by adding an apostrophe and an -s ('s).

Unit 2
Possessive Nouns

Possessive nouns - show ownership or relation to something

examples of possessive nouns: Mrs. Hayes's classroom - the classroom belongs to Mrs. Hayes,

Steven's pencil, the pencil belongs to Steven

Rules for Forming Possessive Nouns

Most singular nouns:
Add an apostrophe and -s ('s).
Mrs. Hayes - Mrs. Hayes's
Tom - Tom's

Plural nouns ending with s:
Add only an apostrophe (').
Girls - Girls'
babies - babies'
Joneses - Joneses'

* keep in mind how the noun is given to you - for instance Joneses is plural (meaning ALL of the Joneses in the family not ONE Jones family member)

Other plural nouns:

add an apostrophe and -s ('s) to the end.
Children - Children's
geese - geese's

Compound nouns:

add an apostrophe and -s ('s) to the end.
Sister-in-law - sister-in-law's
sisters-in-law - sisters-in-law's

if two or more person own a single thing, place the apostrophe after the last person's name!!!
ex: Miguel and Scott's basketball.

If each owns a thing separately, make each noun possessive.
Ex: Miguel's and Scott's basketballs.